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04.05

4月5日 · 星期日

今天,历史发生过什么?

今日导读AI 生成导读 · 事实锚定维基百科

1242.04.05:冰湖上的骑士梦碎,俄罗斯自此挺立

公元1242年4月5日,楚德湖的冰面凝固了那场世纪的对决。亚历山大·涅夫斯基率俄罗斯军队列阵湖上,条顿骑士团的重甲踏冰而来,最终以溃败收场。这一日,诺夫哥罗德没有陷落,东欧的十字军浪潮戛然而止。那场冰湖上的战役,自此成为俄罗斯文明心中的一道碑。今天回望,我们依然值得记住它:因为每一次守护家园,都是站在薄冰上的抉择。

冰湖裂处,正是民族立起之时。

4月5日大事记

按时间排序,共 30 件

  1. 823

    Lothair I is crowned King of Italy by Pope Paschal I.

    Lothair IKing of ItalyPope Paschal I

  2. 1081

    Alexios I Komnenos is crowned Byzantine emperor at Constantinople, bringing the Komnenian dynasty to full power.

    Alexios I KomnenosByzantine emperorConstantinopleKomnenian dynasty

  3. 1242

    During the Battle on the Ice of Lake Peipus, Russian forces, led by Alexander Nevsky, rebuff an invasion attempt by the Teutonic Knights.

    Battle on the IceLake PeipusRepublic of NovgorodAlexander NevskyTeutonic Knights

  4. 1536

    Royal Entry of Charles V into Rome: The last Roman triumph.

    Royal EntryCharles V, Holy Roman EmperorRoman triumph

  5. 1566

    Two-hundred Dutch noblemen, led by Hendrick van Brederode, force themselves into the presence of Margaret of Parma and present the Petition of Compromise, denouncing the Spanish Inquisition in the Seventeen Provinces.

    Habsburg NetherlandsHendrick van BrederodeMargaret of ParmaCompromise of NoblesSpanish Inquisition

  6. 1609

    Daimyo (Lord) Shimazu Tadatsune of the Satsuma Domain in southern Kyūshū, Japan, completes his successful invasion of the Ryūkyū Kingdom in Okinawa.

    Shimazu TadatsuneSatsuma DomainKyūshūTokugawa shogunateInvasion of Ryukyu

  7. 1614

    In Virginia, Native American Pocahontas marries English colonist John Rolfe.

    VirginiaNative Americans in the United StatesPocahontasJohn Rolfe

  8. 1621

    The Mayflower sets sail from Plymouth, Massachusetts on a return trip to England.

    MayflowerPlymouth, Massachusetts

  9. 1710

    The Statute of Anne receives the royal assent establishing the Copyright law of the United Kingdom.

    Statute of AnneRoyal assentCopyright law of the United Kingdom

  10. 1722

    The Dutch explorer Jacob Roggeveen discovers Easter Island.

    Jacob RoggeveenEaster Island

  11. 1792

    United States President George Washington exercises his authority to veto a bill, the first time this power is used in the United States.

    George WashingtonVeto

  12. 1795

    Peace of Basel between France and Prussia is made.

    Peace of BaselPrussia

  13. 1818

    In the Battle of Maipú, Chile's independence movement, led by Bernardo O'Higgins and José de San Martín, win a decisive victory over Spain, leaving 2,000 Spaniards and 1,000 Chilean patriots dead.

    Battle of MaipúChileBernardo O'HigginsJosé de San Martín

  14. 1862

    American Civil War: The Battle of Yorktown begins.

    American Civil WarBattle of Yorktown (1862)

  15. 1879

    Chile declares war on Bolivia and Peru, starting the War of the Pacific.

    ChileBoliviaPeruWar of the Pacific

  16. 1900

    Archaeologists in Knossos, Crete, discover a large cache of clay tablets with hieroglyphic writing in a script they call Linear B.

    ArchaeologyKnossosCreteClay tabletHieroglyph

  17. 1904

    The first international rugby league match is played between England and an Other Nationalities team (Welsh & Scottish players) in Central Park, Wigan, England.

    Rugby leagueEngland national rugby league teamCentral Park (Wigan)

  18. 1915

    Boxing challenger Jess Willard knocks out Jack Johnson in Havana, Cuba to become the Heavyweight Champion of the World.

    Jess WillardJack Johnson (boxer)

  19. 1922

    The American Birth Control League, forerunner of Planned Parenthood, is incorporated.

    American Birth Control LeaguePlanned Parenthood

  20. 1932

    Dominion of Newfoundland: Ten thousand rioters seize the Colonial Building leading to the end of self-government.

    Dominion of NewfoundlandColonial Building

  21. 1933

    U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt signs two executive orders: 6101 to establish the Civilian Conservation Corps, and 6102 "forbidding the Hoarding of Gold Coin, Gold Bullion, and Gold Certificates" by U.S. citizens.

    Franklin D. RooseveltExecutive orderCivilian Conservation CorpsExecutive Order 6102

  22. 1936

    Tupelo-Gainesville tornado outbreak: An F5 tornado kills 233 in Tupelo, Mississippi.

    1936 Tupelo-Gainesville tornado outbreakFujita scaleTupelo, Mississippi

  23. 1942

    World War II: The Imperial Japanese Navy launches a carrier-based air attack on Colombo, Ceylon during the Indian Ocean raid. Port and civilian facilities are damaged and the Royal Navy cruisers HMS Cornwall and HMS Dorsetshire are sunk southwest of the island.

    World War IIImperial Japanese NavyEaster Sunday RaidCeylonIndian Ocean raid

  24. 1943

    World War II: American bomber aircraft accidentally cause more than 900 civilian deaths, including 209 children, and 1,300 wounded among the civilian population of the Belgian town of Mortsel. Their target was the Erla factory one kilometer from the residential area hit.

    Mortsel

  25. 1944

    World War II: Two hundred seventy inhabitants of the Greek town of Kleisoura are executed by the Germans.

    Kleisoura, KastoriaNazi Germany

  26. 1945

    Cold War: Yugoslav leader Josip Broz Tito signs an agreement with the Soviet Union to allow "temporary entry of Soviet troops into Yugoslav territory".

    Cold WarSocialist Federal Republic of YugoslaviaJosip Broz TitoSoviet Union

  27. 1949

    A fire in a hospital in Effingham, Illinois, kills 77 people and leads to nationwide fire code improvements in the United States.

    St. Anthony's Hospital fireEffingham, Illinois

  28. 1951

    Ethel and Julius Rosenberg are sentenced to death for spying for the Soviet Union.

    Ethel and Julius RosenbergEspionageSoviet Union

  29. 1956

    Fidel Castro declares himself at war with Cuban President Fulgencio Batista.

    Fidel CastroPresident of CubaFulgencio Batista

  30. 1956

    In Sri Lanka, the Mahajana Eksath Peramuna win the general elections in a landslide and S. W. R. D. Bandaranaike is sworn in as the Prime Minister of Ceylon.

    Sri LankaMahajana Eksath PeramunaGeneral electionsS. W. R. D. BandaranaikePrime Minister of Ceylon

4月5日出生的名人

  • I

    1170 · Isabella of Hainault (d. 1190)

  • E

    1288 · Emperor Go-Fushimi of Japan (d. 1336)

  • J

    1315 · James III of Majorca (d. 1349)

  • B

    1472 · Bianca Maria Sforza, Italian wife of Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor (d. 1510)

  • G

    1498 · Giovanni dalle Bande Nere, Italian condottiero (d. 1526)

  • E

    1508 · Ercole II d'Este, Duke of Ferrara, Italian noble (d. 1559)

  • J

    1514 · Joachim Mörlin, German bishop (d. 1571)

  • F

    1521 · Francesco Laparelli, Italian architect (d. 1570)

  • B

    1523 · Blaise de Vigenère, French cryptographer and diplomat (d. 1596)

  • P

    1568 · Pope Urban VIII (d. 1644)

  • C

    1586 · Christopher Levett, English explorer (d. 1630)

  • T

    1588 · Thomas Hobbes, English philosopher (d. 1679)

4月5日逝世的名人

  • T

    517 · Timothy I of Constantinople

  • E

    582 · Eutychius of Constantinople (b. 512)

  • R

    584 · Ruadán of Lorrha, Irish abbot

  • A

    902 · Al-Mu'tadid, Iraqi caliph (b. 960)

  • R

    1168 · Robert de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Leicester, English politician (b. 1104)

  • I

    1205 · Queen Isabella I of Jerusalem (b. 1172)

  • J

    1258 · Saint Juliana of Liège

  • W

    1340 · William Melton, English archbishop

  • V

    1419 · Vincent Ferrer, Spanish missionary and saint (b. 1350)

  • B

    1431 · Bernard I, Margrave of Baden-Baden (b. 1364)

  • J

    1534 · Jan Matthys, Anabaptist reformer

  • A

    1605 · Adam Loftus, English-Irish archbishop and politician, Lord Chancellor of Ireland (b. 1513)

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