The Battle of Leuctra, where Epaminondas defeated Cleombrotus I, takes place

Battle of LeuctraEpaminondasCleombrotus I

Battle of Heliopolis: The Muslim Arab army under 'Amr ibn al-'As defeat the Byzantine forces near Heliopolis (Egypt).

Battle of Heliopolis'Amr ibn al-'AsByzantine EmpireHeliopolis (Ancient Egypt)Diocese of Egypt (Late Antiquity)

The Battle of Ménfő between troops led by Emperor Henry III and Magyar forces led by Samuel Aba, King of Hungary, takes place.

Battle of MénfőHenry III, Holy Roman EmperorHungariansSamuel Aba, King of Hungary

Richard I "the Lionheart" accedes to the English throne.

Richard I of England

Mindaugas is crowned King of Lithuania.

MindaugasLithuania

Pope Clement VI issues a papal bull protecting the Jews accused of having caused the Black Death.

Pope Clement VIPapal bullAntisemitismJews in the Middle AgesBlack Death

Ming China's Admiral Zheng He returns to Nanjing after the third treasure voyage and presents the Sinhalese king, captured during the Ming-Kotte War, to the Yongle Emperor.

Ming dynastyZheng HeNanjingTreasure voyagesSinhala people

Jan Hus is condemned as a heretic and then burned at the stake.

Jan Hus

A temporary compromise between the rebellious Transylvanian peasants and the noblemen is signed in Kolozsmonostor Abbey.

Transylvanian peasant revoltKolozsmonostor Abbey

Richard III is crowned King of England.

Richard III of England

Portuguese sea captain Diogo Cão finds the mouth of the Congo River.

Diogo CãoCongo River

First Italian War: Battle of Fornovo: Charles VIII defeats the Holy League.

First Italian WarBattle of FornovoCharles VIII of FranceItalian War of 1494-98

Sir Thomas More is executed for treason against King Henry VIII of England.

Thomas MoreTreasonHenry VIII of England

King Philip II of Spain, consort of Queen Mary I of England, sets out from Dover to war with France, which eventually resulted in the loss of the City of Calais, the last English possession on the continent, and Mary I never seeing her husband again.

Philip II of SpainMary I of EnglandDoverCalaisCountries of the United Kingdom

The Treaty of Edinburgh is signed by Scotland and England.

Treaty of Edinburgh

Córdoba, Argentina, is founded by Jerónimo Luis de Cabrera.

Córdoba, ArgentinaJerónimo Luis de Cabrera

French Wars of Religion: Siege of La Rochelle ends.

French Wars of ReligionSiege of La Rochelle (1572-73)

Żejtun and the surrounding villages suffer a raid from Ottoman forces. This was the last unsuccessful attempt by the Ottomans to conquer the island of Malta.

ŻejtunRaid of ŻejtunOttoman EmpireMalta

Thirty Years' War: Four thousand Swedish troops under Gustavus Adolphus land in Pomerania, Germany.

Thirty Years' WarGustavus Adolphus of SwedenPomerania

Battle of Sedgemoor: Last battle of the Monmouth Rebellion. troops of King James II defeat troops of James Scott, 1st Duke of Monmouth.

Battle of SedgemoorMonmouth RebellionJames Scott, 1st Duke of Monmouth

Pope Benedict XIV suppresses the Patriarchate of Aquileia and establishes from its territory the Archdiocese of Udine and Gorizia.

Pope Benedict XIVPatriarchate of AquileiaDioceseUdineGorizia

American Revolutionary War: Siege of Fort Ticonderoga: After a bombardment by British artillery under General John Burgoyne, American forces retreat from Fort Ticonderoga, New York.

American Revolutionary WarSiege of Fort Ticonderoga (1777)ArtilleryJohn BurgoyneUnited States

Battle of Grenada: The French defeat British naval forces during the American Revolutionary War.

Battle of GrenadaAmerican Revolutionary War

First Battle of Algeciras: Outnumbered French Navy ships defeat the Royal Navy in the fortified Spanish port of Algeciras.

First Battle of AlgecirasFrench NavyRoyal NavyAlgeciras

The second day of the Battle of Wagram; France defeats the Austrian army in the largest battle to date of the Napoleonic Wars.

Battle of Wagram

In Jackson, Michigan, the first convention of the United States Republican Party is held.

Jackson, MichiganUnited States Republican Party

The first issue of The Nation magazine is published.

The Nation

Louis Pasteur successfully tests his vaccine against rabies on Joseph Meister, a boy who was bitten by a rabid dog.

Louis PasteurVaccineRabiesJoseph Meister

David Kalākaua, monarch of the Kingdom of Hawaii, is forced to sign the Bayonet Constitution, which transfers much of the king's authority to the Legislature of the Kingdom of Hawaii.

David KalākauaKingdom of HawaiiBayonet ConstitutionLegislature of the Kingdom of Hawaii

Dadabhai Naoroji is elected as the first Indian Member of Parliament in Britain.

Dadabhai NaorojiBritish House of Commons