Libius Severus is declared emperor of the Western Roman Empire. The real power is in the hands of the magister militum Ricimer.

Libius SeverusWestern Roman EmpireRicimer

The Rashidun Caliphate defeated the Sasanian Empire at the Battle of al-Qādisiyyah in Iraq.

Rashidun CaliphateSasanian EmpireBattle of al-QādisiyyahIraq

Christopher Columbus goes ashore on an island he first saw the day before. He names it San Juan Bautista (later renamed Puerto Rico).

Christopher ColumbusPuerto Rico

The United States and the Kingdom of Great Britain sign Jay's Treaty, which attempts to resolve some of the lingering problems left over from the American Revolutionary War.

Jay TreatyAmerican Revolutionary War

The Garinagu arrive at British Honduras (Present day Belize)

GarinaguBelize

Warsaw University is established.

Warsaw University

The second Canadian railway line, the Montreal and Lachine Railway, is opened.

MontrealLachine, Quebec

American Civil War: U.S. President Abraham Lincoln delivers the Gettysburg Address at the dedication ceremony for the military cemetery at Gettysburg, Pennsylvania.

American Civil WarAbraham LincolnGettysburg AddressGettysburg, Pennsylvania

A meteorite lands near the village of Grossliebenthal, southwest of Odessa, Ukraine.

MeteoriteMeteorite fallOdessa

Serbo-Bulgarian War: Bulgarian victory in the Battle of Slivnitsa solidifies the unification between the Principality of Bulgaria and Eastern Rumelia.

Serbo-Bulgarian WarBattle of SlivnitsaPrincipality of BulgariaEastern Rumelia

The Doom Bar in Cornwall claimed two ships, Island Maid and Angele, the latter killing the entire crew except the captain.

Doom BarCornwall

First Balkan War: The Serbian Army captures Bitola, ending the five-century-long Ottoman rule of Macedonia.

First Balkan WarBattle of MonastirBitolaMacedonia (region)

Samuel Goldwyn and Edgar Selwyn establish Goldwyn Pictures.

Samuel GoldwynEdgar SelwynGoldwyn Pictures

World War II: Battle between HMAS Sydney and HSK Kormoran. The two ships sink each other off the coast of Western Australia, with the loss of 645 Australians and about 77 German seamen.

World War IIBattle between HMAS Sydney and German auxiliary cruiser KormoranNazi Germany

World War II: Battle of Stalingrad: Soviet Union forces under General Georgy Zhukov launch the Operation Uranus counterattacks at Stalingrad, turning the tide of the battle in the USSR's favor.

Battle of StalingradSoviet UnionGeorgy ZhukovOperation UranusCounterattack

Mutesa II is crowned the 35th and last Kabaka (king) of Buganda, prior to the restoration of the kingdom in 1993.

Mutesa II of BugandaKabaka of BugandaBuganda

Holocaust: Nazis liquidate Janowska concentration camp in Lemberg (Lviv), western Ukraine, murdering at least 6,000 Jews after a failed uprising and mass escape attempt.

NazisJanowska concentration campLviv

World War II: U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt announces the 6th War Loan Drive, aimed at selling US$14 billion in war bonds to help pay for the war effort.

Franklin D. RooseveltWar bond

World War II: Thirty members of the Luxembourgish resistance defend the town of Vianden against a larger Waffen-SS attack in the Battle of Vianden.

German occupation of Luxembourg during World War IIViandenWaffen-SSBattle of Vianden

Afghanistan, Iceland and Sweden join the United Nations.

AfghanistanIcelandUnited Nations

US General Dwight D. Eisenhower becomes Supreme Commander of NATO-Europe.

Dwight D. EisenhowerNATO

Greek Field Marshal Alexander Papagos becomes the 152nd Prime Minister of Greece.

Alexander PapagosList of Prime Ministers of Greece

Télé Monte Carlo, Europe's oldest private television channel, is launched by Prince Rainier III.

Télé Monte CarloRainier III, Prince of Monaco

National Review publishes its first issue.

National Review

The Ford Motor Company announces the discontinuation of the unpopular Edsel.

Ford Motor CompanyEdsel

The establishment of TVB, the first wireless commercial television station in Hong Kong.

TVBTelevision station

Apollo program: Apollo 12 astronauts Pete Conrad and Alan Bean land at Oceanus Procellarum (the "Ocean of Storms") and become the third and fourth humans to walk on the Moon.

Apollo programApollo 12Pete ConradAlan BeanOceanus Procellarum

Association football player Pelé scores his 1,000th goal.

Association footballPelé

TAP Portugal Flight 425 crashes in the Madeira Islands, killing 131.

TAP Portugal Flight 425Madeira Islands

Iran hostage crisis: Iranian leader Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini orders the release of 13 female and black American hostages being held at the US Embassy in Tehran.

Iran hostage crisisIranAyatollahRuhollah KhomeiniUS Embassy in Tehran