Lincoln Cathedral is consecrated.

Lincoln Cathedral

England and Portugal formally ratify their alliance with the signing of the Treaty of Windsor, making it the oldest diplomatic alliance in the world which is still in force.

Anglo-Portuguese AllianceTreaty of Windsor (1386)

'Abd al-Latif (Timurid monarch) is assassinated.

Abdal-Latif MirzaTimurid dynasty

Hernando de Alarcón sets sail on an expedition to the Gulf of California.

Hernando de AlarcónGulf of California

The figure who later became Mr. Punch made his first recorded appearance in England.

Punch and Judy

Thomas Blood, disguised as a clergyman, attempts to steal England's Crown Jewels from the Tower of London.

Thomas BloodClergymanCrown Jewels of the United KingdomTower of London

Five men arrested during a raid on Mother Clap's molly house in London are executed at Tyburn.

Margaret ClapMolly houseTyburn, London

The Siege of Fort Detroit begins during Pontiac's War against British forces.

Siege of Fort DetroitPontiac's War

Second Schleswig War: The Danish navy defeats the Austrian and Prussian fleets in the Battle of Heligoland.

Second Schleswig WarAustrian EmpireKingdom of PrussiaBattle of Heligoland (1864)

American Civil War: Nathan Bedford Forrest surrenders his forces at Gainesville, Alabama.

American Civil WarNathan Bedford ForrestGainesville, Alabama

American Civil War: President Andrew Johnson issues a proclamation ending belligerent rights of the rebels and enjoining foreign nations to intern or expel Confederate ships.

President Andrew JohnsonConclusion of the American Civil War

Der Krach: Vienna stock market crash heralds the Long Depression.

Panic of 1873ViennaLong Depression

The first horse-drawn bus makes its début in the city of Mumbai, traveling two routes.

BusMumbai

Mihail Kogălniceanu reads, in the Chamber of Deputies, the Declaration of Independence of Romania. This day became the Independence Day of Romania.

Mihail KogălniceanuChamber of Deputies (Romania)Romania

A magnitude 8.8 earthquake off the coast of Peru kills 2,541, including some as far away as Hawaii and Japan.

1877 Iquique earthquakePeru

Buffalo Bill Cody's Wild West Show opens in London.

Buffalo Bill Cody

Australia opens its first parliament in Melbourne.

Parliament of AustraliaMelbourne

The steam locomotive City of Truro becomes the first steam engine in Europe to exceed 100 mph (160 km/h).

GWR 3700 Class 3440 City of Truro

The works of Gabriele D'Annunzio are placed in the Index of Forbidden Books by the Vatican.

Gabriele D'AnnunzioIndex of Forbidden BooksHoly See

World War I: Second Battle of Artois between German and French forces.

World War ISecond Battle of Artois

World War I: Germany repels Britain's second attempt to blockade the port of Ostend, Belgium.

Second Ostend RaidOstend

Polish-Soviet War: The Polish army under General Edward Rydz-Śmigły celebrates its capture of Kiev with a victory parade on Khreshchatyk.

Polish-Soviet WarEdward Rydz-ŚmigłyKiev Offensive (1920)Victory paradeKhreshchatyk

Admiral Richard E. Byrd and Floyd Bennett claim to have flown over the North Pole (later discovery of Byrd's diary appears to cast some doubt on the claim.)

Richard E. ByrdFloyd BennettNorth Pole

Italy formally annexes Ethiopia after taking the capital Addis Ababa on May 5.

EthiopiaAddis AbabaMay 5

World War II: The German submarine U-9 sinks the French coastal submarine Doris near Den Helder.

World War IINazi GermanyGerman submarine U-9 (1935)French submarine Doris (Q 135)Den Helder

World War II: The German submarine U-110 is captured by the Royal Navy. On board is the latest Enigma machine which Allied cryptographers later use to break coded German messages.

German submarine U-110 (1940)Royal NavyEnigma machineAllies of World War IICryptographer

Holocaust: The SS executes 588 Jewish residents of the Podolian town of Zinkiv (Khmelnytska oblast, Ukraine). The Zoludek Ghetto (in Belarus) is destroyed and all its inhabitants executed or deported.

The HolocaustSSPodoliaZinkivKhmelnytska oblast

World War II: The final German Instrument of Surrender is signed at the Soviet headquarters in Berlin-Karlshorst.

German Instrument of SurrenderKarlshorst

World War II: The Channel Islands are liberated by the British after five years of German occupation.

Channel Islands

King Victor Emmanuel III of Italy abdicates and is succeeded by Umberto II.

Victor Emmanuel III of ItalyUmberto II of Italy