An earthquake strikes Constantinople and the surrounding countryside, causing destruction to the city's land walls and buildings.

EarthquakeConstantinopleDefensive wall

The Uprising of Asen and Peter begins on the feast day of St. Demetrius of Thessaloniki and ends with the creation of the Second Bulgarian Empire, ruled by the Asen dynasty.

Uprising of Asen and PeterDemetrius of ThessalonikiSecond Bulgarian EmpireAsen dynasty

The Byzantine civil war of 1341-47 formally begins with the proclamation of John VI Kantakouzenos as Byzantine Emperor at Didymoteicho.

Byzantine civil war of 1341-47John VI KantakouzenosByzantine EmperorDidymoteicho

Tvrtko I is crowned the first king of Bosnia.

Tvrtko I of Bosnia

Charles V is crowned as Holy Roman Emperor.

Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor

Imjin War: Admiral Yi Sun-sin routs the Japanese Navy of 300 ships with only 13 ships at the Battle of Myeongnyang.

Imjin WarYi Sun-sinBattle of Myeongnyang

The Treaty of Ripon is signed, restoring peace between Scotland and Charles I of England.

Treaty of RiponCovenanterCharles I of England

General Piccolomini of Austria burns down Skopje to prevent the spread of cholera. He died of cholera himself soon after.

General Enea Silvio PiccolominiFire of Skopje 1689Cholera

The first Continental Congress adjourns in Philadelphia.

Continental CongressPhiladelphia

King George III of Great Britain goes before Parliament to declare the American colonies in rebellion, and authorizes a military response to quell the American Revolution.

George III of Great BritainAmerican Revolution

Benjamin Franklin departs from America for France on a mission to seek French support for the American Revolution.

Benjamin FranklinAmerican Revolution

War of 1812: A combined force of British regulars, Canadian militia, and Mohawks defeat the Americans in the Battle of the Chateauguay.

War of 1812Mohawk nationUnited StatesBattle of the Chateauguay

The Erie Canal opens: Passage from Albany, New York to Lake Erie.

Erie CanalAlbany, New YorkLake Erie

The Royal Charter is wrecked on the coast of Anglesey, north Wales with 459 dead.

Royal Charter (ship)Anglesey

Meeting of Teano. Giuseppe Garibaldi, conqueror of the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies, gives it to King Victor Emmanuel II of Italy.

TeanoGiuseppe GaribaldiKingdom of the Two SiciliesVictor Emmanuel II of Italy

The Pony Express officially ceases operations.

Pony Express

The Gunfight at the O.K. Corral takes place at Tombstone, Arizona.

Gunfight at the O.K. CorralTombstone, Arizona

Sweden accepts the independence of Norway.

SwedenNorway

Itō Hirobumi, four time Prime Minister of Japan (the 1st, 5th, 7th and 10th) and Resident-General of Korea, is assassinated by An Jung-geun at the Harbin train station in Manchuria.

Itō HirobumiResident-General of KoreaAn Jung-geunHarbinManchuria

First Balkan War: The Ottoman occupied city of Thessaloniki, is liberated and unified with Greece on the feast day of its patron saint Demetrius. On the same day, Serbian troops captured Skopje.

First Balkan WarThessalonikiFeast dayPatron saintDemetrius of Thessaloniki

World War I: Battle of Caporetto; Italy suffers a catastrophic defeat to the forces of Austria-Hungary and Germany. The young unknown Oberleutnant Erwin Rommel captures Mount Matajur with only 100 Germans against a force of over 7000 Italians.

World War IBattle of CaporettoAustria-HungaryOberleutnantErwin Rommel

World War I: Brazil declares war on the Central Powers.

BrazilBrazil during World War ICentral Powers

Erich Ludendorff, quartermaster-general of the Imperial German Army, is dismissed by Kaiser Wilhelm II of Germany for refusing to cooperate in peace negotiations.

Erich LudendorffGerman Army (German Empire)KaiserWilhelm II, German Emperor

The Chicago Theatre opens.

Chicago Theatre

The first electric generator at Hoover Dam goes into full operation.

Electric generatorHoover Dam

World War II: In the Battle of the Santa Cruz Islands during the Guadalcanal Campaign, one U.S. aircraft carrier, Hornet, is sunk and another aircraft carrier, Enterprise, is heavily damaged, while two Japanese carriers and one cruiser are heavily damaged.

World War IIBattle of the Santa Cruz IslandsGuadalcanal CampaignUSS Hornet (CV-8)USS Enterprise (CV-6)

World War II: First flight of the Dornier Do 335 "Pfeil".

Dornier Do 335

World War II: The Battle of Leyte Gulf ends with an overwhelming American victory.

Battle of Leyte Gulf

The Maharaja of Kashmir and Jammu agrees to allow his kingdom to join India.

MaharajaKashmir and Jammu (princely state)

After the last Allied troops have left the country and following the provisions of the Austrian Independence Treaty, Austria declares permanent neutrality.

Allies of World War IIAustrian Independence TreatyNeutral country