Callixtus I is elected as the sixteenth pope, although Hippolytus of Rome is soon thereafter elected as a rival pope.

Pope Callixtus IPopeHippolytus of RomeAntipope

Richard I of England is captured and imprisoned by Leopold V of Austria on his way home to England after the Third Crusade.

Richard I of EnglandLeopold V, Duke of AustriaThird Crusade

Pope Benedict XII is elected.

Pope Benedict XII

Siege of Rhodes: Suleiman the Magnificent accepts the surrender of the surviving Knights of Rhodes, who are allowed to evacuate. They eventually settle on Malta and become known as the Knights of Malta.

Siege of Rhodes (1522)Suleiman the MagnificentKnights HospitallerMaltaKnights Hospitaller

The Virginia Company loads three ships with settlers and sets sail to establish Jamestown, Virginia, the first permanent English settlement in the Americas.

Virginia CompanyJamestown, Virginia

The Louisiana Purchase is completed at a ceremony in New Orleans.

Louisiana PurchaseNew Orleans

Peninsular War: The Siege of Zaragoza begins.

Peninsular WarSecond Siege of Zaragoza

HMS Clio under the command of Captain Onslow arrives at Port Egmont under orders to take possession of the Falkland Islands

HMS Clio (1807)Port EgmontReassertion of British sovereignty over the Falkland Islands (1833)Falkland Islands

South Carolina becomes the first state to attempt to secede from the United States.

South CarolinaSecession

World War I: The last Australian troops are evacuated from Gallipoli.

World War IGallipoli Campaign

World War I: The battle of Verdun results in a French victory after more than 9 months of intense fighting.

World War IBattle of Verdun

Cheka, the first Soviet secret police force, is founded.

ChekaSoviet Union

Adolf Hitler is released from Landsberg Prison

Adolf HitlerLandsberg Prison

World War II: First battle of the American Volunteer Group, better known as the "Flying Tigers" in Kunming, China.

World War IIAmerican Volunteer GroupFlying TigersKunming

World War II: Japanese air forces bomb Calcutta, India.

Imperial Japanese Army Air ServiceKolkataBritish Raj

The popular Christmas film It's a Wonderful Life is first released in New York City.

It's a Wonderful Life

The EBR-1 in Arco, Idaho becomes the first nuclear power plant to generate electricity. The electricity powered four light bulbs.

Experimental Breeder Reactor IArco, IdahoNuclear power

A United States Air Force C-124 crashes and burns in Moses Lake, Washington killing 87.

United States Air ForceDouglas C-124 Globemaster IIMoses Lake, Washington

Cardiff is proclaimed the capital city of Wales, United Kingdom.

CardiffWales

The initial production version of the Boeing 707 makes its first flight.

Boeing 707

A Pennsylvania Railroad Budd Metroliner exceeds 155 mph on their New York Division, also present day Amtrak's Northeast Corridor.

Pennsylvania RailroadBudd MetrolinerAmtrak

The Zodiac Killer kills Betty Lou Jenson and David Faraday in Vallejo, California.

Zodiac KillerVallejo, California

The international aid organization Doctors Without Borders is founded by Bernard Kouchner and a group of journalists in Paris, France.

Médecins Sans FrontièresBernard KouchnerParisFrance

The Prime Minister of Spain, Admiral Luis Carrero Blanco, is assassinated by a car bomb attack in Madrid.

Prime Minister of SpainLuis Carrero BlancoCar bombMadrid

The Summit Tunnel fire is the largest underground fire in history, as a freight train carrying over 1 million liters of gasoline derails near the town of Todmorden, England, in the Pennines.

Summit Tunnel fireFreight rail transportGasolineTodmordenPennines

Pope John Paul II announces the institution of World Youth Day.

Pope John Paul IIWorld Youth Day

In the worst peacetime sea disaster, the passenger ferry Doña Paz sinks after colliding with the oil tanker Vector in the Tablas Strait in the Philippines, killing an estimated 4,000 people (1,749 official).

MV Doña PazPhilippines

The United States invasion of Panama deposes Manuel Noriega.

United States invasion of PanamaDeposition (politics)Manuel Noriega

A Missouri court sentences the Palestinian militant Zein Isa and his wife Maria to death for the honor killing of their daughter Palestina.

MissouriCapital punishmentHonor killing in the United States

Vespasian, formerly a general under Nero, enters Rome to claim the title of Emperor.

VespasianNeroRoman emperor